ursement of the public revenues, and i know the importance which has been attached by men of great abilities and patriotism to the divorce, as it is called, of the treasury from the banking institutions it is not the divorce which is complained of, but the unhallowed union of the treasury with the executive department, which has created such extensive alarm. to this danger to our republican institutions and that created by the influence given to the executive through the instrumentality of the federal officers i propose to apply all the remedies which may be at my command. it was certainly a great error in the framers of the constitution not to have made the officer at the head of the treasury department entirely independent of the executive. he should at least have been removable only upon the demand of the popular branch of the legislature. i have determined never to remove a secretary of the treasury without communicating all the circumstances attending such removal to both houses of congress. the influence of the executive in controlling the freedom of the elective franchise through the medium of the public officers can be effectually checked by renewing the prohibition published by mr. jefferson forbidding their interference in elections further than giving their own votes, and their own independence secured by an assurance of perfect immunity in exercising this sacred privilege of freemen under the dictates of their own unbiased judgments. never with my consent shall an
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